1. Estimate the proportion of individuals with a positive Hemastix test, versus those who have a positive Hemastix test and at least one positive marker test, who have a urothelial malignancy, other urinary tract malignancies or other serious diseases detected – the predictive value of a positive test.
2. Determine the incidence and prevalence of hematuria (alone or with either marker test being positive) and bladder cancer in the population screened by comparing results during the first testing period (prevalence cases) with those detected in the 2nd testing (incidence cases).
3. Determine the performances of each marker test together, in a variety of combinations, or alone in a population of microhematuria detected by dipstick.
4. Define the characteristics of populations which are most likely to have detectable hematuria-producing serious disease and to participate fully in future home screening programs by:a. identifying correlates (social, demographic, medical history, medications, lifestyle, work and environmental exposures, and family factors) of hematuria and the cancers that can cause it. b. identifying personal characteristics which correlate with initial and continued participation with regular compliance.
5. We will determine how often these marker tests detect other serious diseases in patients with microhematuria, including renal cancer. |