| Inclusion Criteria: | 1) patients who are 18 years-old or older
2) Patients who received esophagectomy indicated for primary esophageal cancer, either adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma
3) Patients who received minimally invasive or transthoracic or transhiatal or three-field esophagectomy at MDACC during or after 2004
4) Patients who are English-speaking and of any ethnicity
5) Patients with prior cancers, any clinical stage of esophageal carcinoma, any performance status (as rated by American Society of Anesthesiologist Risk Scale), received or did not receive preoperative treatment, had level of anastomosis in either neck or chest |