Specific Aim 1: Specific Aim 1: Compare the efficacy of three smoking cessation interventions targeting community based low-income uninsured and underinsured individuals in a group-randomized trial. The interventions will include a Standard Care (SC) approach, consisting of brief advice to quit smoking, nicotine replace therapy (NRT), and self-help written materials; an Enhanced Care (EC) approach, consisting of the standard care components and a cell phone-delivered text/graphical messaging component; and an Intensive Care (IC) approach, consisting of all SC and EC components plus a series of 11 cell phone-delivered proactive counseling sessions and a cell phone-delivered text/graphical messaging component.
Hypothesis 1.1. Participants randomized to the EC condition will have higher smoking abstinence rates at 12-month follow-up compared to participants randomized to the SC condition.
Hypothesis 1.2. Participants randomized to the IC condition will have higher smoking abstinence rates at 12-month follow-up compared to participants randomized to the EC condition.
Specific Aim 2: Evaluate the role of quit motivation, nicotine withdrawal, risk perception, self-efficacy, social support, and negative affect as potential mediators of smoking abstinence
Hypothesis 2.1: The EC's and IC's effects on abstinence will be mediated by quit motivation, nicotine withdrawal, risk perception, self-efficacy, social support, and negative affect.
Specific Aim 3: Compare the cost-effectiveness of the three treatment conditions.
Hypothesis 3.1: Compared to SC and EC, the IC is a cost-effective use of health care resources. |