| Exclusion Criteria: | 1) Anemia due to factors other than MDS (including hemolysis or gastrointestinal [GI] bleeding) unless stabilized for 1 week after RBC tranfusion
2) Any active malignancy within the past year, except basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast
3) Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, or cardiac arrhythmia
4) Active infection not adequately responding to appropriate therapy
5) Total bilirubin >/=1.5 mg/dL not related to hemolysis or Gilbert's disease
6) Alanine transaminase (ALT)/aspartate transaminase (AST) >/=2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
7) Serum creatinine >/=2.0 mg/dL
8) Ascites requiring active medical management including paracentesis, or hyponatremia (defined as serum sodium value of <130 mEq/L)
9) Female patients who are pregnant or lactating
10) Patients who are unwilling to follow strict contraception requirements (including condom use for males with sexual partners, and for females: prescription oral contraceptives [birth control pills], contraceptive injections, intrauterine device [IUD], double-barrier method [spermicidal jelly or foam with condoms or diaphragm], contraceptive patch, or surgical sterilization) before entry and throughout the study
11) Female patients with reproductive potential who do not have a negative urine beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (betaHCG) pregnancy test at screening.
12) Major surgery without full recovery or major surgery within 3 weeks of ON 01910.Na treatment start
13) Uncontrolled hypertension (defined as a systolic pressure >/=160 mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure >/=110 mmHg)
14) New onset seizures (within 3 months prior to the first dose of ON 01910.Na) or poorly controlled seizures
15) Any other concurrent investigational agent or chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy
16) Prior treatment with low dose cytarabine during the past 2 years
17) Investigational therapy within 4 weeks of starting ON 01910.Na
18) Psychiatric illness or social situation that would limit the patient's ability to tolerate and/or comply with study requirements. |