| Inclusion Criteria: | 1) Patients older than 16 years.
2) Evidence of NSGCT based on histologic examination or based on clinical evidence and elevated serum HCG or AFP levels (in case of clinical emergency, therapy can be started before pathologic sample is obtained if tumor markers are elevated)
3) Testicular, retroperitoneal, or mediastinal primary site.
4) Evidence of disseminated disease (clinical stages II or III).
5) Disease classified as poor prognosis according to IGCCCG criteria: a) Primary mediastinal NSGCT (any stage) or b) Non-pulmonary visceral metastases or c) HCG > 50,000 UI/l, or AFP > 10,000 ng/ml, or LDH > 10 times the upper normal value.
6) No prior chemotherapy.
7) No previous malignancy, except for basal-cell carcinoma of the skin.
8) Adequate renal function: measured or calculated (by Cockcroft formula) creatinine clearance> 60 ml/min
9) Cockcroft formula: CLcr = [(140-age) x weight(Kg)]/[72 x creat (mg/dl)] (for females, multiply by 0.85)
10) Absolute granulocyte count >/= 1,500/mm^3, platelets >/= 100,000 mm^3, bilirubine >/= 1.5x the upper limit of normal value.
11) Signed informed consent. |