| Inclusion Criteria: | 1) All patients must be informed about the study and signed informed consent.
2) All patients must have acute myeloid leukemia, or high risk myelodysplastic syndrome diagnosed by morphologic, histochemical or cell surface marker criteria.
3) Patients with AML must have either (a) relapsed or refractory leukemia after receiving at least one prior conventional induction therapy. Those in early first relapse must not have a matched donor and/or are not a candidate for allogeneic stem cell transplantation; (b) poor-risk AML.
4) Treatment related AML, except if it is associated with favorable cytogenetics (e.g.: inversion 16, t(17;16), t(8.21), t(15;17), and not a candidate for stem cell transplantation.
5) AML with antecedent hematological disease (e.g. MDS, myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, etc.), and not a candidate for stem cell transplantation.
6) De novo AML >/= 70 years of age.
7) AML with unfavorable cytogenetics regardless of age (>/=18 years), if patients are not candidates for allogeneic transplantation (unfavorable cytogenetics are the following: complex (>/=3 abnormalities), -7, -5, 7q-, 5q-, abnormalities of 11q23, excluding t(9;11), t(9;22), inversion 3, t(3;3), t(6;9)).
8) Patients with chemotherapy resistant or intolerant high risk myelodysplastic syndrome diagnosed by morphologic, histochemical or cell surface marker criteria, either according to the FAB or the WHO classification will be eligible. These patients must not be eligible or willing to undergo immediate allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
9) Patients must have a performance status of </= 2 on the Zubrod scale.
10) Patients must have bilirubin </= 1.5 mg/dl, transaminases </= 2.5x upper limit of normal, albumin >/= 3gm/dl, creatinine </= 1.3mg/dl, and adequate cardiac reserve (EF>50%).
11) Must give written informed consent.
12) Must be willing to be treated at an approved treatment site.
13) Females and males must be willing to use an approved form of birth control while on this study and for 2 weeks after completion.
14) Age > 18 years.
15) Patient's disease burden must be low with a blast marrow index of </= 40%. Blast marrow index is calculated from the product of the marrow biopsy cellularity and the blast percentage (% cellularity X % blasts).
16) Patients must have a 24 hour creatinine and urea clearance. Average of the two measurements must be >/= 60 cc per minute. |